Internal-combustion engine



1,625,835 AP1ll 26 1927' o. D. SUTTON ET Al- INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENG I NE 3 Sheets-Sheet l Filed March 14, 1925 1,625,835 o. D. su'rToN ET AL INTERNAL COMBUSTI 0N ENGINE April 26 1927.

Filed March 14, 1925 3 Sheets-Sheet 2l April 26, 1927. 1,625,835

o. D. suT'roN 1- AL INTERNAL COMBUSTI ON ENGINE Filed Harsh 14, 1925 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 A 'reference toY the accompanying drawings tra y 1,625,835 PATENT oFFicE O. ID. SUTTON AND CLYDE E. KENDALL, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Application led March 14, 1925.i Serial No. 15,484.

Our invention relates to internal combustion engines and the same has for its main object the provision of an improved construction of this character which will embody certain desired features of simplicity, efficiency and convenience and which will be economical in manufacture and in use.

Another object of our invention is the provision of a construction embodying novel mechanism for connecting the pistons with the crank shaft, there being in view in this regard the provision of a compound leverage designed to insure a more effective operation or' the piston, to provide for a longer piston stroke, to proyide for satisfactory lubrication and further to provide a construction comprising a simple arrangement of parts which may be readily disassembled for repairs and replacement.

A further object of our invention is to provide a compound leverage arrangement in which the length of the piston strokes may be greater than the diameter of the crank throw so that the engine will be adapted to deliver full power on the instant of the explosion.

Y @ther objects will appear hereinafter.

The invention consists in the combinations and arrangements of parts hereinafter described and claimed. Y

rlhe invention will be best understood by forming a part of this specih'cation, and' in which,"

Fig. 1 represents a partial sectional view of an engine embodying our invention, this View being taken substantially on line 1-1 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 2 represents a partial sectional view takendsubstantially on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1; :in

Fig. 3 representsan underneath plan view of the engine with the bottom closure removed.

With more particular reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein by way of example we have illustrated the preferred embodiment ojfour invention in connectionV with av quadruple` cylinder' engine, the nu# meral 4 represents acasingV constructed with vertical cylinders arranged in opposed re lation by pairs, the numerals y5 and 6 representing one pair and the numerals Y1 and 8,;` representing another pair. 4ln this construe;4

tion, 9 represents a 'horizontal crank shaft which is supported in favertical plane' lying 'structure are fiilcrumed" u l sl1aftf28. These` fulerumi .shafts 2T 'andy 28 j. are secured [respectivelyy in the' pQrtiOnfS29j and BofV which extend" downwardly Vand 'to- "wards each other from i' the substantially midway between the vertical planes of the cylinders 5 and 7 on the right hand side of the structure, and the cylinders 6 and 8 on the left hand side thereof. The crank shaft 9 is supported in bearings comprising ing bearing segment caps 11, which are secured by bolts as 12 to -the casing. The crank shaft 9 is thus operatively supported midway between the members of the cylinder pairs 5 6 and l---8; and the casing is further constructed with transversely extendingarch shaped 'portions 13 to provide chambers 14 for the throw of the cranks 15 of the crank shaft 9.

Each of the power cylinders contains a reciprocatory piston 16 to which is .pivoted at 17 to a connecting rod 18 formed at its lower end with a bearing head 19 with which cooperates a bearing head cap 20 held thereto by securing bolts 21. The bearing heads 19 and caps 20 therefor, thus provided at the lower extremities of the connecting rods, work in slots 22 in the outer bifurcated ends bearing segments 10 provided in]` the casing for the purpose and thelcooperat` 23 of the rocking members, herein' referred to generally by the numerals 24. The bear-v ing heads 19 and caps 20 therefor operatively embrace pivot studs 25 secured in the bifurcated outer ends of said rocking members. To the lower extremity of each connecting rod 18 is, therefore, pivotally connected the outer end of a rocking member 24, it being observed from an inspection of the drawings that the rocking members for.

the cylinders on the right hand side of the engine and for the cylinders on the left hand side of the engine project inwardly of the casing, the rocking members for the cylinder pair 5 and 6 projecting toward each other for operative engagement on the same i crank of the crank shaft while members for the cylinder pair 7 the rocking and 8 similarly 4project towards each other for the same v purpose.

The rocking members 24 for the cylinders@ y5 and? on the right hand side of the ,structure are fulcrumed upon afulcrum shaft y27 whilethe rocking members 24for'tli'e 'vciylin-IV ders '[6 and ,8: on the left handy sidefofxthef cylinder casing pon' a yfulcrum.

iio

as bestshown in Fig. 1.the said fulcruiriy y the shafts 27 and 28 being thus mounted in the casing at a distance below the cylinders on opposite sides of the vertical plane of the crank shaft. The rocking members 24 are mounted on their fulcrum shafts between their midlengths and their inner bifurcated ends 3l. yThese rocking members are mounted b providing them with integral segment bearlngs 32 to which are secured by bolts 33 the bearing caps `34. lIn this connection, it is also to be observed that the rocking members preferably are fulcrumed outside and below the center lines passing through the pivot studs 25 whereon the connecting rods are mounted, and the pivot studs 35 whereon the cooperative bearing parts 36 and 37 of the pitmen 38 are mounted. At their upper ends through the cooperating bearing parts 39 and 40, the pitmen 38.are connected with the cranks 15 of the'crank shaft.

As best indicated in Fig. 2, the pitmen for the pair of cylinders 5 and 6 are connected to the same crank, while the pitmen for the other pair of cylinders 7 and 8 are also connected to the same crank. By having the bearing caps 34 of the rocking members, the bearing caps 20 of the piston rods, and the bearing caps 37 and 39 at opposite ends of itmen, all removable, it will be understood that ready access may be had to these various parts forrepairs and replacement. In a similar manner the provision of the removable bearing caps 11 on the crank shaft will permit ready inspection, repairs or even the removal of the shaft when desired. The rocking members 24 are preferably held operatively in place upon the fulcrum shafts by means of suitable collars 41.

From what has been said, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, it will be understood that the connecting rods 18 are connected directly to the long arms of the rocking members, that the pitmen 38 are connected directly to the short arms of the rocking members, so that the piston strokes will be of greater length than the diameter of the crank throw of the crank shaft. By this arrangement, the longer stroke of the .piston provides for a greater expansion of the gas, for more perfect com' bustion and also for a vdeliveryof the full power of the engine the instant the explosion occurs in the cylinder. Another important advantage is that by connecting the connecting rods directly with the rocking members, the pistons themselves obtain more erfect fit and there isless thrust or crow ing of the pistons on the sides of the cylinder, since the'connecting rods during oscillation do not have a very` the center ines of the piston.

Secured to the cylinder casing 4 b means of bolts 42 is a bottom closure 43 esigned with suitable outward deformationsas` 44,

extensive angular swing from not only to provide the requisite room or 'space for operation of the engine parts, but also to provide suitable pockets as 45 adapted to contain oil for the suitable lubrication of the engine.

While we have illustrated and described the preferred form of construction for carrying our invention into effect, this is capable of variation and modification without departing from the spirit of the invention. We, therefore, do not wish to be limited to the precise details of construction set forth, but desire to avail ourselves of such variations and modifications as come within the scope of the appended claims.

Having described our invention what we claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

l. The combination of power cylinders having pistons with connecting rods, rocking levers fulcrumed at points between their midlengths and their inner ends and having their outer. ends pivoted to said connecting rods, a crank shaft, and pitmen less in 4length than said connecting rods connecting the inner ends of said rocking levers directly with said crank shaft, the relative length of the long portions of said rocking levers to the short portions thereof and of the connecting rods to said pitmen being such that the strokes of the pistons are greater than the diameter of the crank throw of the crank shaft, substantially as described.

2. The combination of power cylinders having pistons with connecting rods, a crank shaft arranged in a plane midway between the planes of said pistons, rocking levers fulcrumed between their midlengths and their inner ends at points lyin in planes on opposite sides of said mi way plane and having their outer ends pivoted to said connecting rods, and pitmen connecting the inner ends of said rockin levers drectly with said crank shaft, w ereby the piston strokes will be greater than the diameter of the crank throw of the crank shaft,

substantially as described.

3. The combinationl of a plurality of power cylinders arranged in opposing pairs and-'having pistons provided with connecting rods, a shaft with cranks arranged in a plane midway between the planesrof opposing pairs of c linders, pairs of rocking 1evers fulcrume in planes lyin on opposite sides of said midway plane am? having their outer ends pivoted to said connecting rods,

'and pitmen connecting the inner ends of said 1 rocking levers directly with the cranks of said shaft, the pitmen connected with each opposing pair of cylinders being connected to the same crank, substantially as described.

4 In combination, a casing having a pair of cyllnders, pistons reciprocatory therein a crank fshaft supported by the casing in plane midway between the cylinders, portions depending from the casing and terminating on opposite sides of said midway plane, fulcrum shafts mounted in said depending portions, rocking levers on said shafts, connectin rods connecting the outer ends of said roc ing levers with said pistons, pitmen connecting the inner ends ofsaid rocking levers with the crank of said crank shaft, substantially as described.

5. In combination, a casing having a pair of cylinders, pistons reciprocatory therein, a crank shaft supported by the casing in a plane midway between the cylinders, portions depending from the casing and termi'- nating on opposite sides of said midway plane, fulcrum shafts mounted in said depending portions, rocking levers on said shafts, connecting rods connecting the outer ends of said rocking levers with said pistons, pitmen connecting the inner ends of said rocking levers with the crank on said crank shaft, `and a bottom closure provided with oil pockets bolted to the casing, substanially as described.

6. The combination of a crank shaft, stationary ulcrum shafts paralleling the crank shaft/on opposite sides 'of the plane thereof,

rocking levers fulcrumed on said fulcrum shafts 'actuating means pivoted to the outer ends of said rocking levers, and pitmen connecting thevinner ends of said levers with a crank on said crank shaft, said rocking levers being fulcrumed outside of their center lines to insure movement of their power receivinlg ends through arcs of eater dimension tb an the arcs described y the pitman connected ends, substantially as described.

7 The combination of power cylinders having pistons with connecting rods, acrank shaft operatively' supported between said cylinders, fulcrum shafts l ing in planes between the center plane o the crank shaft and the center plane of the c linders, rocking levers mounted on said ulcrum shafts and having separable bearing caps, bearing connections including separable caps between the connecting rods and outer ends of said rockin levers, and pitmen having separable bearmgs `connecting the inner ends of said rocking levers with said crank shaft, substantially as described.

In testimony .whereof we have signed our names to this specification.

O. D. SUTTON.

OLYDE E. KENDALL. 

